![]() ![]() Referenced far outside of the fields of ecology and mental health, Calhoun's rats have-or certainly had-come to seem part of the common cultural stock, shorthand for the problems of urban crowding just as Pavlov's dogs were for respondent conditioning. The macabre spectacle of crowded psychopathological rats and the available comparisons with human life in the densely-packed inner cities ensured that the experiments were quickly adopted as "scientific evidence" of social decay. (4) Like Pavlov's dogs, Calhoun's rats came to assume a near-iconic status as emblematic animals, exemplary of the ways in which behavioral experimentation at once marks and violates the human-animal distinction. (3) It has since been included as one of "Forty Studies that Changed Psychology," joining papers by such figures as Freud, Pavlov, Milgram, Rorschach, Skinner, and Watson. That paper, "Population Density and Social Pathology," went on to be one of the most widely cited in psychology. At a certain density, they had ceased to act like rats and mice, and the change was permanent.Ĭalhoun published the results of his early experiments with the rats at NIMH in a 1962 edition of Scientific American. The crowded rodents had lost the ability to co-exist harmoniously, even after the population numbers once again fell to low levels. Unable to breed, the population plummeted and did not recover. They were the majority in the late phases of growth, existing as a vacant, huddled mass in the centre of the pens. ![]() Subordinate animals withdrew psychologically, surviving in a physical sense but at an immense psychological cost. In certain sections of the pens, infant mortality rose as high as 96%, the dead can nibalized by adults. Mothers neglected their infants, first failing to construct proper nests, and then carelessly abandoning and even attacking their pups. Others became pansexual and hypersexual, attempting to mount any rat they encountered. Some males became exclusively homosexual. Males became aggressive, some moving in groups, attacking females and the young. As the pens heaved with animals, one of his assistants described rodent "utopia" as having become "hell." (2) The only restriction Calhoun imposed on his population was of space-and as the population grew, this became increasingly problematic. With no predators and with exposure to disease kept at a minimum, Calhoun described his experimental universes as "rat utopia," "mouse paradise." With all their visible needs met, the animals bred rapidly. What had happened?Įmployed in the Laboratory of Psychology of the National Institute of Mental Health from 1954, and later as Chief of the Unit for Research on Behavioral Systems in the Laboratory of Brain, Evolution and Behavior until 1986, Calhoun repeated the experiment in specially constructed "rodent universes." Using a variety of strains of rats and mice, he once more provided his populations with food, bedding, and shelter. (1) Be that as it may, a population of only 150 seemed surprisingly low. That the predicated maximum was never reached ought to come as no surprise: 5000 rats would be tight indeed. ![]() Instead, the population levelled off at 150, and throughout the two years Calhoun kept watch, never exceeded 200. What Calhoun built was quarter acre pen, what he called a "garden of eden," and, as the population expanded from a few individuals to many, a "rat city." Calhoun calculated that the habitat was sufficient to accommodate as many as 5000 rats. Calhoun would later reflect that his neighbor probably expected a few hutches, perhaps a small run. Calhoun's neighbor agreed to let him build a rat enclosure on disused woodland behind his house in Towson, Maryland.
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![]() ![]() By clicking Accept All, you consent to our use. ![]() You’ll also find information about area celebrations in the nearby towns of Rockport, Aransas Pass, Ingleside, and Portland.įor details, click on the icons above or check out the stories below in our annual Corpus Christi Christi Guide. We use cookies to enhance your browsing experience, serve personalized ads or content, and analyze our traffic. We have all the details for the Harbor Lights Festival, an annual holiday party that welcomes Santa Claus to town in Corpus Christi, and the Port Aransas Lighted Boat Parade for when Santa makes his Island appearance. Find sporting events, conferences, attractions and more, or promote your own event. The city’s two vibrant community theaters always have something festive on stage, while the Corpus Christi Symphony and it premiere ballet company combine forces for a Gala presentation of "The Nutcracker." The museums and attractions, and even neighborhoods polish off their Christmas decoratiosn and lights to put the sparkle in Sparkling City of Sea each December. Local events and things to do in Corpus Christi, TX. at Don & Sandy Billish Park at 15601 Gypsy St. ![]() This year, we will strive to commission five new, permanent public art murals in the Marina Arts District. Heres a look at some fun events across the Coastal Bend this weekend. From “The Nutcracker” ballet to Scuba Santa feeding fish at the aquarium, the Coastal Bend puts it's own special seaside spin on the holidays. 2023 Mural Festival Meet the 2023 Downtown Corpus Christi Mural Festival (CCMF) This is the 2nd annual CCMF in Downtown Corpus Christi and will bring a new interactive type of artwork to the community. Where to Celebrate Christmas in Corpus ChristiĬhristmas celebrations continue to grow in number and size! Celebrate a Corpus Christi Christmas with the best in Christmas lights, music, theater and church services. ![]() ![]() Apple recommends that you always use the latest macOS that is compatible with your Mac. Learn how to upgrade to macOS Big Sur, the latest version of macOS. Metadatics compatible with mac sierra how to# This fifth release of OS X is only available as a free download for Mac users. Metadatics compatible with mac sierra for mac# To install it you must have a Mac that is compatible with El Capitan. This version of OS X shares compatibility with the previous version, OS X 10.10 aka Yosemite.Here are the Mac systems with which El Capitan is compatible:- iMac (Mid 2007 or newer)- MacBook Air. Mac OS X El Capitan can be downloaded directly from the Apple website. ![]() Metadatics compatible with mac sierra mac os x# The Beta version of the OS is available but the final version will be made available towards the Autumn season of 2015 as speculated by many Apple users. El Capitan 10.11.6 is now released as the latest version of Download El Capitan. For OS X El Capitan users this update is recommended. The upgrade to OS X El Capitan v10.11.6 enhances your Mac’s reliability, performance and protection and is advised for all users. Solves a problem that can prevent parental control accounts from saving settings. For the strongest security and latest features, find out whether you can upgrade to macOS Catalina, the latest version of macOS. If you still need OS X El Capitan, use this link: Download OS X El Capitan. A file named InstallMacOSX.dmg will download to your Mac. The version of macOS that came with your Mac is the earliest version it can use. For example, if your Mac came with macOS Big Sur, it will not accept installation of macOS Catalina or earlier. If a macOS can’t be used on your Mac, the App Store or installer will let you know. To confirm compatibility before downloading, check the minimum hardware requirements: For example, it might say that it’s not compatible with this device or is too old to be opened on this version of macOS. macOS Catalina 10.15 hardware requirements.macOS Mojave 10.14 hardware requirements.macOS High Sierra 10.13 hardware requirements.macOS Sierra 10.12 hardware requirements.OS X El Capitan 10.11 hardware requirements.OS X Yosemite 10.10 hardware requirements. Safari uses these links to find the old installers in the App Store. MacOS Catalina 10.15 can upgrade Mojave, High Sierra, Sierra, El Capitan, Yosemite, Mavericks.After downloading from the App Store, the installer opens automatically. macOS High Sierra 10.13 can upgrade Sierra, El Capitan, Yosemite, Mavericks, Mountain Lion.macOS Mojave 10.14 can upgrade High Sierra, Sierra, El Capitan, Yosemite, Mavericks, Mountain Lion. Safari downloads the following older installers as a disk image named InstallOS.dmg or InstallMacOSX.dmg. It installs an app named Install ( Version Name). Metadatics compatible with mac sierra install# Open that app from your Applications folder to begin installing the operating system. macOS Sierra 10.12 can upgrade El Capitan, Yosemite, Mavericks, Mountain Lion, or Lion.OS X El Capitan 10.11 can upgrade Yosemite, Mavericks, Mountain Lion, Lion, or Snow Leopard.OS X Yosemite 10.10can upgrade Mavericks, Mountain Lion, Lion, or Snow Leopard.While there is a great deal of information that iTunes can organize for you, artist, album, and track title are typically the bare minimum required to have a clean and orderly library. File Structure When I refer to ‘file structure’ in the context of this post, what I mean is the way in which the actual audio files are stored in the OS X file. Quickly view all the duplicate tracks in your iTunes and Music library. Automatically select which tracks to keep based on quality, last played or length. Remove the rest to your recycle bin at the click of a button. Metadatics compatible with mac sierra install#Ĭlean up and organize your iTunes music library.Metadatics compatible with mac sierra mac os x#.Metadatics compatible with mac sierra for mac#.Metadatics compatible with mac sierra how to#. ![]() ![]() ![]() Hundreds of rescuers had converged from as far away as Northern Virginia, officials said, and Howard opened an emergency operations center to manage its response.īaltimore Gas and Electric said late Sunday that there would likely be “extended outages” of gas and electricity service until infrastructure could be fully inspected and “in some cases rebuilt.” The National Weather Service on Sunday called the flooding an “extremely dangerous and potentially catastrophic situation.” The Howard County fire department warned people trapped on the Main Street to climb to the second floors of buildings as they awaited rescue. Its location in a valley, where the river converges with two major creeks, has made it particularly susceptible to flooding. ![]() The enclave grew into a major milling and manufacturing town and, starting in 1830, was the terminus of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad line.Įllicott City was designated a national historic district in 1976, according to Preservation Maryland, with more than 200 buildings that dated to the 1800s or earlier. It was the third major flood since 2011 in Ellicott City, which was founded in 1772 at the site of a grist mill along the banks of the Patapsco River. “She was so frantic because she witnessed Eddie get swept away.” “After Eddie left, I saw a woman come in later who was frantic,” he said. He, too, said Sunday’s flood seemed far worse than the one in 2016. Reading this on your iPhone or iPad? Check out our new Apple News app channel here and click the + at the top of the page to save to your Apple News favorites. Most customers stayed inside, where Cortes offered refuge for wedding guests celebrating at the nearby Main Street Ballroom. ![]() Simon Cortes, La Palapa’s owner, said his restaurant suffered some water damage, but its hilltop location prevented it from destruction. Police had allowed him inside his shop Monday, where he saw thousands of dollars of rugs soaked by the storm, calling it “worse than last time.”īut, like other locals, he wasn’t allowed to linger long enough to bring any of the merchandise out. “Like a phoenix, it will rise from the ashes. “This is a great community and a great country,” he said. Yet he is optimistic about rebuilding once more. He believes climate change is at least partly to blame for two so-called “thousand-year-floods” in two years. He’d built a retaining wall two years ago, but water had poured into his 120-year-old building anyway. Mojan Bagha, owner of Main Street Oriental Rugs, said it had taken him three months to fix the damage in 2016. Larry Hogan, echoed a similar storm in the summer of 2016, which left two people dead. The massive flooding, which prompted a state of emergency declaration from Maryland Gov. “If we called him right now saying we needed help looking for someone, Eddie would be there in five minutes.”Īuthorities say Hermond, of Severn, Md., was swept away during the flood, and remained missing Monday. “He’s that kind of guy,” said his close friend, Kenneth Josepha, a State Department analyst from Northern Virginia, whose wedding 13 years ago on Monday included Hermond as a groomsman. Eddison “Eddie” Hermond, a National Guardsman, is believed missing in the wake of Sunday’s flash flood in Ellicott City, Md. (Courtesy of Kenneth Josepha) When a woman came into La Palapa Grill & Cantina and said her cat was stranded in a nearby pet store, customer Eddison “Eddie” Hermond, 39, offered to help. But the rainstorm outside morphed into a relentless downpour, fueling what soon became a river that dislodged parked cars and flooded buildings along Main Street in Ellicott City, Md. It was supposed to be a routine late-Sunday lunch over Mexican food. Click here if you’re having trouble viewing the video or photo gallery on a mobile device.īy Michael E. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() These programs will take you less than 4 months to complete, so you have plenty of time to get going before beginning 80 Day Obsession!Ĩ0 Day Obsession will be available in real time on Beachbody on Demand beginning January 13th. Intermediate/Advanced: 21 Day Fix Extreme I recommend the following sequence of workouts before starting 80 Day Obsession! So decide for yourself whether you're already at a beginner, intermediate or advanced level & then get started! You can begin her other programs right away by activating your Beachbody on Demand Membership, where you'll have access to all of our Beachbody workout programs for an entire year. That means that if you aren't currently working out now, you'll want to get started ASAP in order to get your body ready for 80 Day Obsession! And no worries, Autumn's other programs will prepare you perfectly! It's 80 days of focus on fitness and nutrition spread over 13 weeks. Summer is coming.80 Day Obsession is currently set to release on January 13th, 2018 and they are in the process of filming the workouts now! Yup, they are filming these workouts in real time, so when they are released, we will literally get to see the 90 day transformation of the cast as we workout along with them day by day! The 80 Day Obsession workout program is an effective, step-by-step approach to building a shaped, curvy butt while simultaneously shrinking the core. You better hurry before I complete my transformation to total baddie and I’m too good to answer. You should probably get your booty into my group. But they may be my favorite pants by day 80! I acutlaly used to hate these gym shark pants because they showed off my belly pudge and made my booty look flat. It’s taken my lil booty from ‘it’s got potential’ to ‘iight girl I see you!’ But you know what I do love? doing a whole day dedicated the glutes. I don’t like working out for almost an hour most days. Youknow I’m an apple shape, so shrinking my middle is a challenge. I’m crazy hype about my results thus far. Let me tell you – I’m in my PJs and this is a non-supportive tank top (not a bra) soooo don’t mind the saggage LOL. ![]() Of course the waist is stealing the show but my triceps and shoulders also made a HUGE come upĪnd for an update – here’s a pic from today. But I took them because I noticed how much easier it was to get that same outfit on for my workout. I didn’t even want to take these because I thought I’d done so bad with food it would be terrible. I’m still doing mostly meatless options.Īnywho, let me let the pics do the talking. So I figured a perfect plan means nothing if you can’t stick to it and went to the regular plan instead. I gave it a good shot but I didn’t want to keep cooking 3 separate meals (1 for me, 1 for LB, 1 for hubs) and I was always cheating. But I’ve been killing the workouts and trying to clean it clean. I’m always missing meals or eating the wrong things at the wrong times. Let me tell you first and foremost – I have NOT been good on the meal plan. ![]() IIght yal I’m on day 22 of 80 day obsession and I haven’t updated ya because a biah been busy. □□. ![]() ![]() Ornella Lepre, University College London: Old games, new words: a study of game retranslationĬ/Doctor Dou, 10 Day 2: Friday 14th March 2014.Pietro Luigi Iaia, Università del Salento: Creativity and Readability in Game Localisation: A Case Study on Ni No Kuni.Mari Carmen Camacho (freelance translator), Cristina Escudero, (freelance translator) & José María Pérez (Universidad de Vigo): Cultural Content Transfer and Japanese Dating Sims. ![]() Alberto Fernández-Costales, Universidad de Oviedo: Transcultural elements in video game localization: translating heroes into different culturesġ6.45- 18.15: PANEL 4: Game localisation: Cultural elements, Creativity and Retranslation – Chair: José Ramón Calvo.Álvaro José García Tejedor, Moreno, Ana Rus Cano Moreno, CEIEC, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria: The Pilgrim’s Codex: building and localizing a serious game set in the medieval St.José Luis Castillo, Freelance translator & researcher: Translation and Adaptation of Cultural References In Erotic and Pornographic Video Games.Mireia Usart (ESADE & Universitat Ramon Llull) & Margarida Romero (ESADE & Université Laval): Multilanguage adaptability in Game Based Learning for teachers: MetaVals Serious Game interfaceġ4.45-16.15 PANEL 3: Game Localisation: Cultural elements – Chair: José Ramón Belda.José Ramón Calvo & José Ramón Belda (Universidad de Alicante): Teaching Specialised Lexis in ESL through Video Games: a Case Study.of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Vigo): Videogame-based rehabilitation for patients with acquired brain injury Santiago García Sanz (University of Vigo) & Lucía Rodríguez (Dep.Marta Rodríguez, Manuel López, Eloísa Guerrero Barona, Sixto Cubo & Virgilio García, Universidad de Extremadura: Commercial Video Games and Special Needs: Cognitive Effectsġ2.15- 13.45 PANEL 2: Games for Health II, Educational Games and Tools, Gamification – Chair: Pilar Orero.Anna Vilaró & Pilar Orero, CAIAC, UAB: Serious Games for Serious Problems: A Call of Duty. ![]() ![]()
![]() ![]() The reason for the first alert smoke alarm beeps can be a wiring issue. Usually, the alarms don’t live as long as eight years, so it can be a replacement call. You can check for the smoke alarms manufacturing date as discussed above to see if the date has passed. What do 3 beeps on a smoke detector mean? An alarm beeps three times, but no smoke can tell it has served its life span, which is an average of eight to 10 years. ![]() However, National Fire Protection Association USA suggests you change batteries 2 times a year to make sure it works properly. The smoke detector is an industrial product and has expiry dates written on the back of the battery compartment. The best next solution is to counter-check everything. This way, the sensor can run effectively and keep your smoke false alarm.
![]() ![]() The gallery will be accessible for one month after your purchase date, after which point it will be taken offline out of an extreme abundance of caution regarding the security and safekeeping of your images. High Resolution, Watermark-Free Digital Imagesįull digital collection from your shoot (50+ edited, retouched images): $2,000Īll digital images purchased from your session will be delivered in a password-protected, private online gallery where you can download them straight to your devices. I know you’ll find something here that you love. I have so many rad options for you to take home with you after the shoot is all said and done.
![]() ![]() But if you don’t wish to purchase the whole course, what they’ve put up on YouTube will suffice for learning the core basics of Mandarin Chinese. Some of their videos are snippet previews of complete courses provided on their website. Through a host of well-put-together videos with concise explanations, you’ll learn the origin and stroke order of numerous Chinese characters.īased on many viewers, their systematic approach to teaching Chinese characters and crystal clear explanations provided at just the right pace set the momentum for optimal learning.įurthermore, their videos meet the requirements for HSK tests. This YouTube channel sets a concrete foundation for learning Mandarin Chinese. UNIQUE OFFER: Use the code MEZZOGUILD10 to save 10% on any of their course options. These videos revolve around real-life conversations and interviews with random people on the street. If you’re feeling adventurous, go ahead and watch their Chinese idioms videos to pick up a thing or two that’ll impress your friends.įinally, their ‘Chinese On The Street’ series gives you fantastic insight into conversational Chinese. Then, you can gradually work towards edifying your Chinese sentence structure and grammar knowledge via their Chinese grammar lessons. If you’re searching for back-to-the-basics content, you can grasp the fundamentals of the Chinese language through their ‘Pinyin Lesson Series’ and ‘Pinyin Tone Combination Series.’ They offer over 1000 video lessons that cater to all stages of learning, and you could probably go from zero to hero from watching their videos alone. Yoyo Chinese is another wildly popular youtube channel for Mandarin Chinese learners ( see their course here). They also cover relatively niche areas, allowing you to enlarge your vocabulary surrounding unique topics such as money, currency exchange, business, and marketing. Some of their most popular videos point out common mistakes that Mandarin speakers make, helping you finetune your speaking skills. From learning Chinese while you sleep (I didn’t know this was possible either) to juicy tips on how you can track your learning progress and train your listening skills - they’ve got it all. You’ll also find some very unique videos donning their YouTube homepage. This is a fantastic database for widening your vocabulary, learning new nouns and adjectives, and getting acquainted with common Chinese expressions. Their videos might be better suited for intermediate to advanced learners. ChineseFor.UsĬhineseClass101 ( see their popular online course or read the review) covers a wide range of skills and topics related to learning Mandarin Chinese, some of which target common pain points of novice Mandarin speakers. ![]() Some of these advanced videos are filmed entirely in Mandarin, so you’ll need a firm grasp of the language to follow through (or you could try keeping up with the English subtitles provided). If you’re already well-versed with the basics of the Chinese language, you can opt for higher-difficulty videos explaining the different usages of words with similar meanings and helping you build around your knowledge of sentence structure and grammar. These topics include occupation, expressing emotions and feelings, standard greetings, countries and nationalities, and even festivals and celebrations. Once you’ve gotten the hang of the basics, you can then turn to other videos covering commonly used phrases. Their videos slowly guide you towards picking up the different pronunciations, sounds, and tones of various Chinese words. You can begin from the very core basics of Chinese pinyin. With over 400,000 subscribers on YouTube, this popular channel is a resource center catering to beginners all the way through to advanced learners. ![]() Best YouTube channels to learn Mandarin Chinese (all levels) Everyday Chinese Note: Some of these channels are beginner-friendly and cater to first-timers, while others require foundational knowledge of Mandarin and are better suited for advanced learners. Without a doubt, there’s no better way to attain quality content at zero cost, so let’s dive into this list of the best YouTube channels to learn Mandarin Chinese. It’s widely accessible to anyone with a working device and Internet connection and of course, free to use. In addition to that, picking up a new language through an exciting and entertaining platform such as YouTube minimizes the stress and pressure linked to learning something new. Well, you’ll get to learn Mandarin from experienced teachers and language enthusiasts worldwide. Why is YouTube one of the most practical language-learning tools? This resource powerhouse is packed with a wide range of content spanning thousands of topics and if you’re looking to learn Mandarin Chinese, it’s a fantastic place to start. ![]() YouTube is an underrated source of Mandarin Chinese content. ![]() ![]() The game features more realistic visuals and sound effects, as well as multiplayer gameplay. It provides you with the typical pinball game where you try to get as much score as you can whenever you play. There are different types of tables available for you to play.Īnother no-frills pinball game you can play is Pinball King. The only feature or add-on here is that you can change your pinball table. Just the classic, simple, and fun pinball game where your goal is just to reach the highest score you can and then try to beat it later on. It’s a game that will let you play the classic pinball game without any add-ons or features. If you prefer a no-frills pinball game, then check out Pinball Pro. This is part of your quest as a mage, you have to get rid of the dark forces in the land. You’ll have to destroy various monsters to complete one level and move on to the next. But instead of hitting objects and getting high scores, your balls will be hitting and destroying monsters. It has a similar gameplay to pinball wherein you have to launch a ball. It’s more of a puzzle game than an arcade game, and it also comes with its storyline. It’s a great and awesome pinball game that you’ll surely love playing.Īnother great pinball game you can play is PunBall. You can also customize your pinball table with new balls, better machine parts, and so on. It features many types of pinball tables for you to play and challenges to complete. It’s like having your pinball machine on your device. ![]() It’s a 3D pinball game that provides more immersive and interactive gameplay. One of the best pinball games you can play right now is Williams Pinball. This is why there are many different pinball games available and in this blog post, we’ll look at the 10 best ones you can play. You’ll find yourself playing pinball for hours, trying to beat your previous high score. Though it’s a simple game, it’s very fun and addictive to play. But the machine will have a flipper at the bottom that you can control to prevent the ball from falling on the gap and ending the run. You won’t have any control over how the ball will go as it will depend on momentum and how the ball bumps the objects. It’s a simple game where you launch a ball and try to get a high score as it hits various objects on the machine. ![]() One of the classic and addictive arcade games you can play is pinball. ![]() |
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